The Occasional Mentor: More on the UI/UX Controversy, Learning UX, Hiring Designers and Hackathons

THE OCCASIONAL MENTOR:
A monthly column based on questions I’ve answered on Quora, heard on Slack groups, and other career advice I’ve given over the prior month. Feel free to challenge me in the comments, if you have a different experience. Below are questions I answered in February.

Why are UX advocates very picky about the difference between UI and UX?

February 25, 2019

UI is the part of the experience the user can directly manipulate. UX is much more. Consider an elevator.

UI is the elevator panel: Floor buttons, open/close buttons, key override, emergency call button, stop mechanism, etc.

UX is where the elevator is in the building. How high does it go? Should there be a button for the 13th Floor? How many people does it fit? Should there be more than one? How close is it to the exit or the mail center? Should there be an express elevator to higher floors to help with traffic? Will the elevator have a digital display? Will there be a TV screen? A mirror? A camera? Who lives in the building? Do they have pets? Does the weather outside get messy? Will it need mats? Is the elevator going to be used for people or freight? Will it occasionally be fitted with wall protectors? What are the safety mechanisms? How will the elevator be equipped in an emergency? What is the safety code for elevators? How fast should it be? Does the building even need an elevator?

There is no set or accredited UX curriculum that I am aware at the undergraduate level, of so most “UX” degrees could begin to look dated after a few years if their focus is on current practices (like Sketch and similar tools). And because there is no real agreement of what a UX degree program should include, it would be difficult for recruiters to understand exactly what you know unless they are knowledgeable about the various programs.

You should go to college and study an area that interests you, making sure that you can also include design, psychology, anthropology and intro programming classes. Some UX designers will debate whether programming classes are necessary. My take on it is that the procedural logic and data structure foundations in computer science courses help a lot when mapping out a digital experience, particularly as more AI is integrated into digital spaces. Even library science courses, which are traditionally user focused are requiring some programming related subjects, if not outright coding.

It’s important to pursue an academic subject that you are passionate about or at least can really dig into. There are digital spaces in every field, even in the humanities, so there will always be a need for people who can design those spaces. You may as well enjoy the content of your experience by majoring in an area that appeals to you.

I hope this helps.

TL;DR: UX designers often pass on any job description that says “UI/UX”. Don’t use it. Instead use a title that describes what the person is actually going to do.

For hiring designers, I’ve had good luck with TopTal, but I prefer to go on Slack groups and get out to meetups to really get to know people I want to work with. I don’t like Dribble or Behance for UX people. It’s typically a lot of eye-candy that shows very little of the designer’s process. If there is a designer I like who has a portfolio there, I’ll look, but I wouldn’t start there from scratch.

A good UX designer will show their process: the methods they use, the choices they made, even the designs they discarded. A good portfolio give you a sense of the problem space and challenges and will have a clear description of the person’s role. You can’t tell any of this from a glossy, finished product photo.

I strongly suggest that you not use the term “UX/UI” in the job description. As others have stated (and noted in a the first question above), it is too broad to really be meaningful. Most User Experience people will see that and read “visual design” which may or may not include everything from graphic design, animation, typography and stylesheets. Some good candidates may assume you want a front-end developer, and give the role a pass, because developers typically don’t do UX.

It’s better to use a title that describes what the person is actually going to do.

UI people typically are front-end designers and often are expected to know how to code. While UI fits into the UX umbrella, most UX Designers will be focused on user journeys, personas, user advocacy and may or may not do research. UI people use research, but don’t necessarily produce it themselves and may be a step or two removed from the user research process.

There is a rather hot debate going on as to whether UX Designers should know how to code. Most designers and researchers that identify as “UX” people do not code. I’m from the camp that says it helps, but if they are mostly coding (unless it’s to put together prototypes for testing and they don’t have devs to do that for them), they’re probably not a UX “designer”.

Bottom line: You need users to do UX design. You could make a case for researching logs and customer support database, but since it’s after release, that’s really user acceptance testing, not UX Design. The user experience design process starts with user testing way before you release a product and occurs along with development, launch and beyond. And if you aren’t applying user research and integrating users into your design processes or at least talking to them, it’s just not UX.

Working within constraints is an important skill of any good product designer. At a hackathon, your constraints include time, of course, as well as available data, resources and the knowledge and skill of your team members. I try to join diverse groups that include at least one person who understands the underlying subject matter and available data, one strong open source developer and one designer/researcher type (usually that’s me). If you use and understand open source data and tools you likely have access to more resources than other teams, so unless the hackathon is restricted to proprietary tools and data, it gives you an edge.

Hackathon projects I’ve done:

The Nature Conservancy Stormwater Challenge: I hosted a service design hackathon with the goal to encourage private property owners to implement Stormwater mitigation technology.

United Nations Hack For Humanity: I co-chaired a weekend hackathon with the goal to create anti terrorist projects. The winning project employed machine learning to disrupt terrorist networks. Other submitted projects included a stateless e911 network and a SMS based marketplace for emergency supplies.

NYPL Open Book Hack: I went twice. The first year, my team created a poetry recommendation tool. Based on poems and genres a user likes, it created a booklet with twenty poems. The next year, my team created a PDF to ePub converter for Supreme Court opinions.

NYPL Open Audio Hackathon: created a tool to add multimedia content to audio podcasts.

Empathy Jam: My team created a prototype job training platform.